Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, neurodegenerative disorder that mostly affects the motor system.

The clinical andbehavioral characteristics of Parkinson’s disease include tremor, tonicity, bradykinesia, and gait abnormalities, whereas the pathology is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the formation of Lewy bodies (LB) in the cytoplasm.

Many risk factors, such as α-synuclein aggregation in LB and mitochondrial dysfunction, have been proposed in relation to complex theories about possible PD mechanisms.

GemPharmatech has developed two PD models that can be used for screening, safety evaluation, and efficacy evaluation of therapeutics.